Everything about Sanctus totally explained
Sanctus is the
Latin word for
holy or saint, and is the name of an important
hymn of
Christian liturgy.
In
Western Christianity, the Sanctus is sung (or said) as the final words of the
Preface of the
Eucharistic Prayer, the prayer of consecration of the bread and wine. The preface, which alters according to the
season, usually concludes with words describing the praise of the worshippers joining with the
angels, who are pictured as praising God with the words of the Sanctus:
» Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus
Dominus Deus Sabaoth. » Pleni sunt caeli et terra gloria tua.
Hosanna in excelsis. » Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini.
Hosanna in excelsis.
The first part of the Sanctus is adapted from, which describes the prophet
Isaiah's vision of the throne of God surrounded by six-winged, ministering
seraphim. A similar representation may be found in . In Jewish liturgy, the verse from
Isaiah is uttered by the congregation during
Kedusha, a prayer said during the cantor's repetition of the
Amidah (18 Benedictions):
» :
Kadosh Kadosh Kadosh Adonai Tz'vaot
:
Melo Kol Haaretz Kevodo.
The text of the second part, beginning with the word
Benedictus (
Latin for "Blessed"), is taken from, describing Jesus'
Palm Sunday entry into
Jerusalem.
The Sanctus has been set to several
plainchant melodies, of which one is given in the
Roman Missal, and many
composers have set it to more complex music. It constitutes a mandatory part of any
mass setting.
In the
Tridentine Mass the priest joins his hands while saying the word "Sanctus" and then, bowing, continues to recite the whole of the Sanctus in a lower voice, while a small bell is rung; then, on reaching the words "Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini", he stands erect again and makes the
Sign of the Cross. He then continues immediately with the
Canon of the Mass, while the choir, if there's one, sings the Sanctus, pausing for the Consecration and continuing with the Benedictus part afterwards.
As a result of this division, the Sanctus has sometimes been referred to as the Sanctus-Benedictus.
In the Mass as revised after the
Second Vatican Council, the only ceremony prescribed for the priest is to join his hands. He and the people sing or recite together the whole of the Sanctus, before the priest begins the Eucharistic Prayer.
1973 International Commission on English in the Liturgy English version » :Holy, holy, holy Lord,
:God of power and might,
» :heaven and earth are full of your glory.
:Hosanna in the highest.
» :Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.
:Hosanna in the highest.
English version often found in earlier hand missals » :Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Hosts:
:Heaven and earth are full of thy glory.
» :Hosanna in the highest.
:Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
» :Hosanna in the highest.
Note that the Sanctus shouldn't be confused with the
Trisagion.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Sanctus'.
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